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Masjed Soleymān, Iran

Region: Khuzestan

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Geographic Coordinates: 31.936400, 49.303900

Climate: Climate and weather patterns in Masjed Soleymān, Iran vary throughout the year.

Population: 100497

Language: Persian

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Masjed Soleymān, Also known as Masjid-i-Sulayman or simply Suleiman Mosque, Is a city located in the southwestern region of Iran. Situated in the Khuzestan province, This historical city holds immense cultural and architectural significance. It is renowned for its rich history dating back to ancient times and its association with one of Iran’s oldest oil fields. At the heart of Masjed Soleymān lies the impressive Suleiman Mosque, A masterpiece of Islamic architecture. Constructed during the Safavid era in the 17th century, This mosque showcases intricate tile work and exquisite calligraphy that adorns its walls and minarets.

The central dome stands tall as a symbol of grandeur while reflecting rays of sunlight throughout its interior. The city’s historical significance stems from being home to one of Iran’s first oil wells discovered in 1908 by British engineers. This discovery led to the establishment of Iran’s first modern oil industry infrastructure, Transforming Masjed Soleymān into an important industrial hub during that time. Visitors can explore several notable attractions within Masjed Soleymān. One such site is Shadegan Lagoon, Which lies just outside the city limits.

This vast freshwater lagoon is home to diverse flora and fauna species including migratory birds like flamingos and pelicans. Another prominent landmark near Masjed Soleymān is Choghazanbil Ziggurat – an ancient Elamite temple complex dating back over 3, 000 years ago. This UNESCO World Heritage Site offers a glimpse into Mesopotamian civilization with its well-preserved stepped pyramid structure surrounded by fortified walls. Nature enthusiasts can venture further out from Masjed Soleymān to explore nearby natural wonders such as Dez Dam Lake or Karun River – both offering breathtaking landscapes perfect for boating or picnicking along their shores.

The city also boasts a vibrant local culture and traditional crafts. Visitors can immerse themselves in the bustling bazaars, Where they can find unique handicrafts like handwoven carpets, Pottery, And exquisite metalwork. The local cuisine of Masjed Soleymān is also renowned for its rich flavors and aromatic spices, With dishes like Abgoosht (a meat stew) and Khoresht Gheimeh (a lamb stew) being popular choices. Overall, Masjed Soleymān offers a captivating blend of history, Architecture, Natural beauty, And cultural experiences.

Whether you are interested in exploring ancient ruins or indulging in local traditions and delicacies, This city provides an enchanting journey into Iran’s past while embracing its present-day charm.

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1. Chogha Zanbil: The most famous landmark in Masjed Soleymān is the ancient ziggurat of Chogha Zanbil. Built around 1250 BC by the Elamite king Untash-Napirisha, this UNESCO World Heritage site is one of the best-preserved ziggurats in the world.
2. Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System: Located near Masjed Soleymān, Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System is another UNESCO World Heritage site that showcases an impressive ancient water management system dating back to the 5th century BC.
3. Pol-e Dokhtar Bridge: This historical bridge spans across the Dez River and dates back to Sassanian times (3rd to 7th century AD). It offers scenic views and is a popular spot for photography.
4. Imamzadeh Mohammad Mahruq Shrine: A religious attraction in Masjed Soleymān, this shrine honors Imamzadeh Mohammad Mahruq, who was a descendant of Imam Ali (the cousin and son-in-law of Prophet Muhammad). The shrine complex features beautiful architecture and attracts pilgrims from various parts of Iran.
5. Sarab-e Qandil Lake: Located about 40 kilometers northeast of Masjed Soleymān, Sarab-e Qandil Lake offers stunning natural beauty with its turquoise waters surrounded by mountains. It’s an ideal spot for picnicking and enjoying nature.
6. Museum of Oil Industry: As Masjed Soleymān has been an important center for Iran’s oil industry, the Museum of Oil Industry provides insights into the history and development of the region’s oil fields.

While Masjed Soleymān may not have a plethora of tourist attractions, its historical and cultural sites make it an interesting destination for those interested in ancient civilizations, architecture, and religious heritage.

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1. Oil and Gas: Masjed Soleymān is known for its oil fields and petroleum industry. It has several oil refineries and petrochemical plants.
2. Energy: The city also has a significant presence in the energy sector, with power plants and facilities related to electricity generation.
3. Mining: There are various mining activities in Masjed Soleymān, including extraction of coal, sulfur, gypsum, and other minerals.
4. Construction: The construction industry is prominent in the city due to ongoing infrastructure development projects related to oil exploration and production.
5. Agriculture: Although not as dominant as the aforementioned industries, agriculture plays a role in the local economy with cultivation of crops like wheat, barley, fruits, vegetables etc., along with livestock farming.
6. Tourism: Masjed Soleymān attracts some tourists due to its historical sites such as Shadegan Lagoon (a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve), historical mosques like Shahzadeh Hossein Mosque or Jameh Mosque of Shushtar.
7. Retail and Services: As a commercial hub for the surrounding region there are various retail establishments including shops selling consumer goods along with service-based businesses like restaurants or hotels catering to locals and visitors alike.

It’s important to note that while these industries are significant contributors to the local economy of Masjed Soleymān they may not be exhaustive or exclusive as there might be other smaller-scale businesses operating within the city as well.

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Historical Events in Masjed Soleymān

1. Oil Discovery:

   One of the most significant events in Masjed Soleymān’s history was the discovery of oil in 1908 by William Knox D’Arcy’s exploration team. This led to the establishment of the first modern oil well in Iran and eventually laid the foundation for Iran’s petroleum industry.

2. Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC):

   Following the oil discovery, APOC (later renamed British Petroleum or BP) was granted exclusive rights to explore and exploit oil resources in Iran. The company established its headquarters in Masjed Soleymān, which became an important center for British operations.

3. Labor Movement:

   During the early 20th century, Masjed Soleymān witnessed significant labor movements due to poor working conditions and exploitation by foreign companies like APOC. Workers organized strikes demanding better wages and improved living conditions.

4. Abadan Crisis:

   In 1951, Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh nationalized Iran’s oil industry, including APOC’s assets, leading to a major political crisis with Britain boycotting Iranian oil exports from Abadan refinery near Masjed Soleymān. This event ultimately resulted in Mossadegh’s overthrow during Operation Ajax orchestrated by foreign powers.

5. Shah-era Development:

   Under Mohammad Reza Pahlavi’s rule (Shah), substantial development projects were undertaken around Masjed Soleymān due to its strategic importance as an oil-producing region. Modern infrastructure such as roads, schools, hospitals were built along with housing complexes for workers.

6. Islamic Revolution:

   Masjed Soleymān played a role in the Iranian Revolution of 1979. Protests against the Shah’s regime took place in the city, and after the revolution’s success, many oil facilities were nationalized once again.

Notable People Associated with Masjed Soleymān

1. William Knox D’Arcy:

   The British entrepreneur who funded oil exploration in Iran and led to the discovery of oil near Masjed Soleymān.

2. Mohammad Mossadegh:

   The Iranian Prime Minister who nationalized Iran’s oil industry and challenged foreign control over resources.

3. Ayatollah Sayyid Kazem Shariatmadari:

   A prominent Shia cleric from Khuzestan province who opposed both Pahlavi monarchy and later the Islamic Republic government.

4. Abolhassan Banisadr:

   The first President of Iran after the 1979 revolution, Banisadr was born in Masjed Soleymān and played an active role during revolutionary times before falling out with other leaders.

These are just a few examples of notable historical events and people associated with Masjed Soleymān, showcasing its significance both in terms of industrial development and political movements within Iran’s history.

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1. Masjed-e Jāmé Mosque: This historical mosque is a must-visit in Masjed Soleymān. It dates back to the Safavid era and showcases beautiful architectural details.
2. Shadegan Wetland: Located near Masjed Soleymān, this wetland is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and offers breathtaking natural beauty, diverse wildlife, and boat rides.
3. Haft Tappeh Museum: This museum exhibits artifacts from the ancient Elamite civilization, including pottery, jewelry, statues, and inscriptions.
4. Choghazanbil Ziggurat: About an hour’s drive from Masjed Soleymān lies this ancient ziggurat dating back to the Elamite period (around 1250 BC). It is one of Iran’s few remaining ziggurats and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
5. Ahvaz City Center Complex: Located in nearby Ahvaz city, this modern shopping center offers various shops, restaurants, cafes, and entertainment options for visitors to enjoy.
6. Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System: A short distance away from Masjed Soleymān lies this impressive UNESCO World Heritage Site consisting of bridges, canals, mills, waterfalls that showcase the ingenuity of ancient Iranian engineering.
7. Susa Archaeological Mound (Shush): Around 60 km away from Masjed Soleymān is Susa – an ancient city with archaeological remains dating back thousands of years including palaces and temples that offer insights into Persian history.
8. Dez Dam Lake: Situated near Dezful city close to Masjed Soleymān is this picturesque lake surrounded by mountains where visitors can enjoy boating or simply relax amidst nature’s tranquility.
9. Karun River Promenade Park (Ahvaz): Located in Ahvaz along the Karun River banks, this park offers beautiful views, walking paths, and recreational activities for visitors.
10. Masjed Soleymān Bazaar: Explore the local market in Masjed Soleymān to experience the vibrant atmosphere, shop for traditional handicrafts, spices, and taste delicious Iranian cuisine.

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1. Unfortunately, there is limited information available about specific sports teams and their histories in Masjed Soleymān, Iran.
2. However, it is worth noting that football (soccer) is a popular sport in Iran, so there might be local football clubs or teams in the region.
3. Additionally, as Masjed Soleymān is located near the Zagros Mountains, which provide opportunities for outdoor activities like hiking and mountaineering, there might be local clubs or groups dedicated to these sports as well.
4. To obtain more detailed and accurate information about specific sports teams and their histories in Masjed Soleymān, it would be best to reach out to local community centers or sport organizations in the area.

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1. Abadan Oil Industry Exhibition: Although technically not in Masjed Soleymān itself, the nearby city of Abadan hosts an annual oil industry exhibition. This event showcases the region’s rich history and contribution to Iran’s oil industry.
2. Shusha Festival: Shusha is an ancient city located near Masjed Soleymān, famous for its historical significance and archaeological sites such as the ancient capital of Elamite civilization. The Shusha Festival celebrates this heritage with various cultural activities, including music performances, traditional dances, handicraft exhibitions, and historical reenactments.
3. Nowruz (Iranian New Year): Nowruz is the Persian New Year celebrated on March 21st each year. While it is celebrated across Iran, including in Masjed Soleymān, it is a significant cultural event worth mentioning due to its importance nationwide. During Nowruz festivities, people gather with their families to welcome spring by engaging in various customs such as setting up Haft-Seen tables (displaying seven symbolic items), visiting relatives and friends, exchanging gifts, and participating in traditional games.
4. Ashura Processions: Ashura is a religious observance commemorating the martyrdom of Imam Hussein (the grandson of Prophet Muhammad) which falls on the tenth day of Muharram according to the Islamic lunar calendar (usually during September or October). In Masjed Soleymān and other cities across Iran with a significant Shia Muslim population, processions and mourning ceremonies take place during the first ten days of Muharram. These events involve participants dressed in black, performing dramatic reenactments, reciting elegies, and engaging in self-flagellation rituals to express grief.

These are just a few examples of cultural events and festivals that occur in or near Masjed Soleymān. It is always recommended to check local event listings or consult with local residents for the most up-to-date information about specific celebrations happening in the area.

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Iranian Cuisine

Dishes

1. Ghalieh Mahi: A traditional Persian fish stew made with herbs, spices, and fish (usually carp or trout). It is a specialty of Khuzestan province.
2. Chelo Kabab: A classic Iranian dish consisting of grilled skewered meat (typically lamb or chicken) served with saffron rice.
3. Ash-e Sholi: A local soup made from lentils, vegetables, and herbs such as parsley and coriander.
4. Dizi: A hearty Iranian stew that includes slow-cooked lamb or beef along with potatoes, tomatoes, beans, and chickpeas.
5. Kalleh Pacheh: An adventurous dish consisting of boiled sheep’s head and feet served with bread or rice.

Restaurants in Masjed Soleymān

1. Salam Restaurant: Known for its delicious Chelo Kabab dishes as well as other Persian specialties.
2. Samandar Seafood Restaurant: Offers a wide range of seafood options including the famous Ghalieh Mahi stew.
3. Kalleh Pacheh Soltani Restaurant: Specializes in serving authentic Kalleh Pacheh along with other Iranian delicacies.
4. Ashpaz Bashi Traditional Restaurant: Offers traditional Iranian stews like Dizi along with various kebabs and rice dishes.

These are just a few examples; there are many more local eateries in Masjed Soleymān where you can explore the rich flavors of Iranian cuisine.

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Tourist Attractions near Masjed Soleymān

• Shadegan Wetland: Located about 40 kilometers south of Masjed Soleymān, this wetland is a popular spot for bird watching, boating, and fishing.
• Ahvaz Water Park: Situated in the nearby city of Ahvaz, this water park offers various water slides, pools, and other recreational facilities.
• Choghakhor Lagoon: Located around 100 kilometers northeast of Masjed Soleymān, this lagoon is a great place for bird watching and enjoying nature.
• Karkheh Dam Lake: Approximately 70 kilometers west of Masjed Soleymān lies the Karkheh Dam Lake which offers opportunities for boating, fishing, and picnicking.
• Shahid Chamran Park: This park in Ahvaz features green spaces for walking or relaxing along with playgrounds for children.
• Shohada Park: Situated in the heart of Masjed Soleymān city center, this park provides a pleasant environment with trees and benches to enjoy some leisure time.
• Cycling Routes: The surrounding countryside offers scenic routes that are suitable for cycling enthusiasts to explore nature at their own pace.
• Hiking Trails: There are several hiking trails available near Masjed Soleymān that offer beautiful landscapes such as Zard Mountain or Gahar Lake region.

Please note that due to the ever-changing nature of tourism infrastructure and local development projects, it’s always recommended to check updated information before planning any visit or activity in these areas.

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