Bāgh-e Malek, Iran
Region: Khuzestan
Geographic Coordinates: 31.523100, 49.886100
Temperature Range: 10.0°C to 35.0°C (50°F to 95°F)
Climate: Dry and hot summers, mild winters with occasional rainfall.
Population: 114343
Language: Persian
Bāgh-e Malek, Also known as the Malek Garden, Is a historic and stunning garden situated in the city of Kermanshah located in western Iran. The garden was constructed during the Qajar dynasty in the early 19th century by Ali Khan Malek al-Tojjar, A wealthy merchant. It is recognized as one of the most significant examples of Persian gardens and has been registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Covering an area of approximately 5 hectares, Bāgh-e Malek boasts several elements that are typical of Persian gardens such as long pools, Fountains, Pavilions, Flower beds and trees arranged in strict geometric patterns. The garden is divided into four main sections: entrance court, Central axis, South terrace and north terrace. The entrance court leads visitors to the central axis which features rows of cypress trees on both sides.
At the end stands a large octagonal pool with fountains at its center which serves as a focal point for visitors who can relax on benches or stroll around it while enjoying views of surrounding greenery. The south terrace includes an orangery where citrus trees are grown along with other fruit trees like pomegranate and figs. There is also a small bathhouse here used by visitors to refresh themselves after spending time outside in hot weather. The north terrace contains several pavilions including one used for music performances during special occasions such as weddings or religious festivals.
There are also several flower beds here adding color to this section of the garden. One exceptional feature unique to Bāgh-e Malek is its water systems designed to irrigate plants throughout different parts using underground channels called qanats which brought water from nearby mountains to supply various pools and fountains within Bāgh-e Malek. Today Bāgh-e Malek attracts numerous tourists seeking peaceful refuge from bustling city life while admiring beautiful fountains amidst lush gardens rich in history and culture.
It is a testament to the ingenuity and creativity of Iranian architects and garden designers who have created such magnificent works of art that continue to inspire visitors worldwide.
- Shalamzar Lake: A picturesque lake surrounded by mountains and lush greenery.
- Bāgh-e Malek Dam: A substantial dam that provides irrigation water to the surrounding area.
- Khorramshahr Martyrs Museum: A museum dedicated to the soldiers who lost their lives during the Iran-Iraq War.
- Imamzadeh Seyed Mohammad Shrine: An ornate religious shrine with stunning gardens and intricate architecture.
- Naderi Castle: An ancient castle constructed during the Sassanid era that offers breathtaking views of its surroundings.
- Choghazanbil Ziggurat: An ancient temple complex dating back to 1250 BC and recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- Abadan Museum of Petroleum Industry: A museum showcasing Iran’s oil industry history.
- Ahvaz Bridge (Pol-e Sefid): A historic bridge over Karun River with unique design and architecture.
- Dez Dam Lake: Another scenic lake that offers boating facilities, fishing opportunities, and picnic areas for visitors to enjoy nature’s beauty in Bāgh-e Malek region.
- Ahvaz Science Museum: A science museum featuring interactive exhibits on various scientific topics such as physics, chemistry, biology etc.
- Oil and gas production
- Petrochemicals
- Agriculture
- Fishing
The city is home to several oil refineries and petrochemical plants that produce a wide range of products such as:
- Gasoline
- Diesel fuel
- Lubricants
- Plastics
- Fertilizers
- Chemicals
Agriculture is also an important industry in the region with crops like:
- Wheat
- Barley
- Rice
- Fruits (such as dates)
- Vegetables (such as tomatoes)
- Cotton
Additionally, fishing is another important industry in the city due to its proximity to the Persian Gulf.
- Battle of Nahavand: A decisive battle fought near Bāgh-e Malek in 642 CE between Arab forces led by Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas and the Sassanian Empire.
- Sheikh Morteza Ansari: A prominent Shia scholar who lived in Bāgh-e Malek during the 19th century and is considered one of the most important figures in modern Shia scholarship.
- Oil Industry: The discovery of oil reserves near Bāgh-e Malek during the early 20th century led to significant economic development and growth for the region.
- Iran-Iraq War: During this war (1980-1988), Bāgh-e Malek was close to major battlefields resulting in significant damage to infrastructure and loss of life.
- Mohammad Ali Najafi: An Iranian politician born in Bāgh-e Malek who served as Minister of Education from 1997-2001 and as Mayor of Tehran from 2018-2019.
- Khuzestan Protests: In July-August 2021, protests erupted across Khuzestan province over water shortages including demonstrations in Bāgh-e Malek which were met with violent suppression by Iranian security forces.
- Bagh-e-Malek Museum of Anthropology
- Imamzadeh Ali Akbar Shrine
- Bagh-e-Malek Jame Mosque
- Khosravi Mansion
- Bagh-e-Malek Public Park
- Chogha Zanbil Ziggurat (located nearby)
- Nowruz – Persian New Year celebrated on the first day of spring (usually March 21st). People clean their homes, wear new clothes, visit family and friends, and prepare traditional foods.
- Ashura – religious event commemorating the martyrdom of Imam Hussein (the grandson of Prophet Muhammad) in 680 AD. People participate in processions and mourn his death.
- Eid al-Fitr – marks the end of Ramadan (holy month of fasting for Muslims) with prayers, feasting, and exchanging gifts.
- Yalda Night – winter solstice celebration on December 21st or 22nd each year where people gather to eat traditional foods like pomegranates and watermelon while reading poetry or telling stories.
- Sizdah Bedar – on April 1st people go out into nature to enjoy a picnic with family and friends as a way to welcome springtime.
- Fajr International Film Festival – annual film festival taking place in Tehran attracting filmmakers from all over Iran including Bāgh-e Malek.
- National Day celebrations such as Islamic Republic Day on April 1st or National Army Day on April 18th may also be celebrated in Bāgh-e Malek like other cities across Iran.
- Chelo Kebab – a grilled meat dish served with rice
- Ash-e Reshteh – a thick soup made with beans and herbs
- Ghormeh Sabzi – a stew made with lamb or beef and various herbs
- Mirza Ghasemi – grilled eggplant mixed with garlic and tomato sauce
Popular restaurants in Bāgh-e Malek, Iran:
- Shandiz Restaurant – known for its delicious kebab dishes
- Haji Firouz Restaurant – offers traditional Iranian cuisine
- Bagh-e Malek Hotel Restaurant – serves up various Iranian dishes in a beautiful garden setting
- Farsakht Restaurant – specializes in seafood along with other Iranian specialties
- Abshar Cafe & Restaurant – offers Persian and Western cuisine options along with great coffee choices
- Pardis Park Cafe & Restaurant – boasts an outdoor seating area overlooking the lake along with delicious food options including kebabs and stews
