Calama, Chile
Region: Antofagasta
Geographic Coordinates: -22.466700, -68.933300
Temperature Range: 5.0°C to 25.0°C (41°F to 77°F)
Climate: Dry and arid with little rainfall, hot summers and mild winters.
Population: 157575
Language: Spanish
Calama is a city located in the northern region of Chile, Known for its rich mining history and stunning landscapes. The city is situated in the Atacama Desert, One of the driest regions on Earth, Which makes it an ideal location for mining copper and other minerals. Calama has a population of approximately 180, 000 people and is considered to be one of the most important cities in northern Chile. One of the main attractions in Calama is the Chuquicamata mine, Which was once one of the largest open-pit copper mines globally.
The mine has been operating since 1915 and has produced more than 30 million tons of copper over its lifetime. Visitors can take tours to learn about its history and see firsthand how copper is extracted from deep within the earth. Another popular destination for visitors to Calama is San Pedro de Atacama, A small town located about an hour’s drive from Calama. San Pedro de Atacama features geysers, Hot springs, Salt flats, Sand dunes as well as ancient ruins left behind by indigenous peoples who lived in this area thousands of years ago.
For those interested in history and culture; Calama offers several museums that showcase local traditions and artifacts from pre-Columbian times through modern-day. The Museo Arqueológico de la Universidad de Antofagasta features exhibits on indigenous cultures that inhabited this area before Spanish colonization while Museo Mineralógico displays a collection of minerals found within Chuquicamata mine.
In addition to mining activities and tourism attractions mentioned above; there are also many outdoor activities available such as hiking trails along scenic routes like Valle del Arcoiris (Rainbow Valley), Mountain biking excursions or horseback riding adventures through desert landscapes dotted with cactus gardens or rock formations carved by wind erosion over centuries. Calama is also home to El Loa Airport which connects it with other major cities in Chile and neighboring countries. The airport serves as a gateway for tourists looking to explore the Atacama Desert and its many attractions.
Overall, Calama is a fascinating destination for anyone interested in learning about mining history, Exploring unique landscapes or experiencing traditional Chilean culture. With its natural beauty and rich cultural heritage, Calama offers something for everyone.
- Calama, Chile is primarily known for its mining industry, particularly copper mining.
- Some of the major companies operating in Calama include Codelco, BHP Billiton, and Anglo American.
- Other industries in the city include construction and services related to the mining industry such as transportation, logistics, and equipment rental.
- The tourism industry is also growing due to the proximity of popular destinations such as San Pedro de Atacama and the Atacama Desert.
- The Battle of Topáter occurred in 1879 during the War of the Pacific, where Chilean and Bolivian forces fought near Calama. The Chileans were victorious and gained control over the area.
- The Chuquicamata Copper Mine, situated close to Calama, is one of the largest open-pit copper mines globally and has been operational since 1915. It has played a significant role in Chile’s economy.
- Salvador Allende, a former president of Chile, visited Calama in 1971 to inaugurate a new hospital but was later overthrown by Augusto Pinochet’s military coup.
- In 2010, several Rapa Nui (Easter Island) statues were transported to Calama for restoration purposes.
- Juan Emilio Pacull served as mayor of Calama from 1996 to 2000 and was also a prominent businessman and politician.
- The Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), located near Calama, is an advanced astronomical observatory and one of the most sophisticated telescopes globally.
- Luis Emilio Recabarren was a labor leader who helped organize workers at Chuquicamata mine during the early part of the twentieth century.
- The San Lorenzo de Tarapacá Church is an ancient church that dates back to colonial times and remains one of the oldest structures still standing in Calama today.
- Carlos Caszely is a former professional soccer player born in Calama who played for various top clubs throughout his career.
- María Elena Walsh was an Argentine poet who wrote La vaca estudiosa while living temporarily with her family at Chuquicamata during her childhood years.
- Museo Mineralógico de Calama: This museum showcases the diverse mineral and geological resources of the region.
- Pukará de Lasana: An ancient fortress located in the highlands of Calama, offering spectacular views of the surrounding landscapes.
- Plaza 23 de Marzo: A bustling central square in Calama, surrounded by historic buildings and local markets.
- Catedral de San Juan Bautista: A beautiful cathedral with stunning architecture and intricate details.
- Parque El Loa: A lush green park located in the heart of Calama, featuring walking trails, picnic areas, and scenic views.
- Casa del Artesano: An artisanal market offering handmade crafts and souvenirs made by local artists.
- Estadio Municipal Zorros del Desierto: The largest sports arena in northern Chile, hosting various sporting events throughout the year.
- Museo Arqueológico y Antropológico de San Pedro de Atacama: Located just outside Calama, this museum offers a fascinating glimpse into the history and culture of the Atacameño people who once inhabited this region.
- Valle de la Luna (Moon Valley): One of Chile’s most iconic natural wonders, featuring stunning rock formations that resemble a lunar landscape.
- Geysers del Tatio: Located approximately two hours from Calama by car or bus, these natural geysers offer a breathtaking display of steam vents and bubbling hot springs amidst a dramatic desert landscape.
- Club de Deportes Cobreloa: This professional football club was established in 1977 and is based in Calama. They have won numerous titles, including four Primera Division championships and one Copa Chile.
- Club Social y Deportivo San Marcos de Arica: Another football club based in Calama that was founded in 1965. They have won one Primera B championship and finished as runners-up twice.
- Asociación de Fútbol Senior Calama: Established in 1999, this senior football league is for players over 35 years old.
- Club Deportivo Unión Comercio: A basketball club located in Calama that was founded back in 1980.
- Club Atlético Antofagasta: Although it’s not based in Calama, this professional football team from neighboring Antofagasta often plays games there due to their close proximity and shared fan base with Cobreloa.
- Carnaval Andino Con la Fuerza del Sol: This carnival is celebrated in February and is one of the most important cultural events in Calama. It features traditional dances, music, and costumes.
- Fiesta de San Juan: Celebrated on June 24th, this festival honors Saint John the Baptist with religious processions and cultural events.
- Festival Internacional de Cine del Desierto: This film festival takes place in August and showcases independent films from around the world.
- Festival de la Vendimia: Celebrated in March, this festival celebrates the grape harvest with wine tastings, food stalls, and live music.
- Semana Santa: Holy Week celebrations take place throughout Chile but are particularly vibrant in Calama with processions featuring religious images through the streets.
- Día de los Muertos: The Day of the Dead is celebrated on November 1st and 2nd with colorful altars honoring deceased loved ones along with traditional foods like pan de muerto (bread of the dead).
- Independence Day (Fiestas Patrias): September 18th marks Chile’s independence from Spain and is celebrated throughout Calama with parades, rodeos, traditional dances like cueca, and plenty of food & drink!
- Asado: grilled meats, typically beef or lamb, served with potatoes and salad.
- Empanadas: baked or fried pastry filled with meat, cheese or vegetables.
- Cazuela: a hearty soup made with meat and vegetables.
- Chupe de Jaiba: a creamy crab stew.
- Pastel de Choclo: a savory pie made with corn and meat filling.
Some popular restaurants in Calama include:
- La Picá del Indio – known for their traditional Chilean dishes such as cazuela and empanadas.
- El Huerto – serves up fresh seafood dishes like ceviche and chupe de jaiba
- La Toscana – an Italian restaurant that offers pizza and pasta dishes
- Pucará Restaurant – specializes in grilled meats (asado)
- El Cobre Restobar – offers a variety of international cuisine options including sushi rolls, burgers, sandwiches etc.
- Parque El Loa is a large public park with playgrounds, sports fields, and picnic areas.
- Parque Oasis is a popular park with walking trails, a lake, and birdwatching opportunities.
- Laguna Inca Coya is a scenic lagoon surrounded by mountains that is great for hiking and fishing.
- Geysers del Tatio are natural geysers that can be visited on guided tours from Calama.
- Valle de la Luna (Moon Valley) is an otherworldly landscape of rock formations and sand dunes that is popular for hiking and photography.
- Cerro Chuño Observatory is an astronomical observatory with guided tours and stargazing events.
- Club de Golf Calama is a golf course with stunning views of the surrounding desert landscape.
- Centro Recreacional La Portada is a water park with pools, slides, and other aquatic activities for all ages.
